Flooded lead acid batteries (sometimes called "wet cell" lead acid batteries) are the most common type of deep cycle solar battery. They have been in use for decades, are well understood, and are the least expensive solar storage battery up front (though Lithium ion solar batteries are more cost-effective over time).
The primary advantage of using flooded lead acid deep cycle batteries for renewable energy storage is that they typically have the lowest cost per amp-hour and cost per kWh cycle of all deep cycle battery technologies.
The primary disadvantage of using flooded lead acid deep cycle batteries for renewable energy storage is that they require regular maintenance (watering, cleaning, and equalizing). Given this, flooded lead acid batteries are a much better choice for full-time off-grid homesteads than for vacation homes or emergency backup power.
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Note: the $/kWh cycle amounts listed below are based on the battery's regular price, a 20-hour C-rate, and a 50% depth of discharge.
Installation location needs to be carefully considered as these batteries need to be well ventilated, yet also protected from the elements. Excessive heat shortens their life, low temperatures reduce their effective capacity, and freezing damages their plates. In most cases an outdoor enclosure must be purchased or built for them.
For best results, keep your flooded lead acid batteries cool and dry, check their water level monthly, and deal with any corrosion at first notice - and learn more about flooded battery winterization on our blog.
